South America Koppen Climate Map

 South America Koppen Climate Map

North America Koppen Map

 North America Koppen Climate Map

Maps: Asia, Southeast Asia

Political Map of Asia 

1) Know where the countries of Asia are located in relation to one another.

2) Know the major bodies of water bordering Asia.

3) Know the regions of Asia and the countries located in each.

     - Southwest Asia

     - South Asia

     - Southeast Asia

     - East Asia

Political Map Southeast Asia

Countries of Mainland Southeast Asia/ Indochina Peninsula

1) The countries of Mainland Southeast Asia

2) What is meant by the term "Maritime Southeast Asia"?

3) What is meant by the term "Malay Peninsula"?

Africa's Physical Geography

 

Remediation Assignment

The deadline for this assignment is May 18, 2026. Nothing will be accepted after that date. If you intend to do the entire assignment then submit all the assignments at once.  Of course, you may submit this work before May 18. 

It is important that you remember that each assignment relies on the others. In order for assignment #4 to be accepted you had to have completed Assignment #3. And in order for Assignment #3 to be accepted you had to have completed Assignment #2. And for Assignment #2 to be accepted, you had to have completed Assignment #1.

UPDATE: This remediation assignment is lengthy however it is, for the most part, the work we've covered for this class. We've answered most of these questions and commands during the course of world geography. The linked resources will insure that you can access the correct answers/ responses.  Additionally, this assignment can be easily completed before the due date. Among the ways to do this is in pieces each day: complete 4 to 5 vocabulary words, view 1 video and answer its questions, answer 2 power point questions, and answer 2 to 3 map assignment questions. Doing this will allow you to complete this in its entirety a few days before the deadline.  It is recommended that after you complete an entire assignment, make a copy and store it. If you are able to scan the assignment, then sending that scanned copy to your email would be a good place for storage. Be sure to label that email as something you will remember. These things you would do just in case you lose the original copies.

ASSIGNMENT #1: VOCABULARY

     Define each word in your own handwriting. Each definition must be numbered. This must be written neatly otherwise points will be taken off. Make certain that each definition relates to something in geography. For example, the term "cape" can either be an article of clothing or a type of landform. The latter description is the one to use.

This assignment is worth one non-test grade and the increase of a failing non-test grade up to 70.

1) active volcano

2) alluvial

3) alluvial plain

4) alluvium

5) alluvial soil

6) altitude

7) Antarctic

8) aquifer

9) archipelago

10) atlas

11) atoll

12) bay

13) beach

14) bight

15) bog

16) burgh

17) butte

18) canal

19) canyon

20) cape

21) cardinal directions

22) cartography

23) cave

24) cavern

25) cay

26) channel

27) city-state

28) cliff

29) coast

30) compass

31) coniferous

32) continent

33) continental shelf

34) cordillera

35) country

36) cove

37) crater

38) creek

39) dam

40) deciduous

41) delta

42) dike

43) dormant volcano

44) drainage basin

45) dune

46) earthquake

47) Eastern Hemisphere

48) elevation

49) enclave

50) Equator

51) estuary

52) extinct volcano

53) fallow

54) fjord

55) floodplain

56) foothills

57) forest

58) geography

59) glaciation

60) glacier

61) glen

62) gulch

63) gulf

64) gully

65) hedgerow

66) hemisphere

67) highland

68) hill

69) hinterland

70) hydrosphere

71) ice cap

72) iceberg

73) igneous rock

74) island

75) islet

76) isthmus

77) jungle

78) key

79) knoll

80) lagoon

81) lake

82) land bridge

83) landform

84) landmass

85) latitude

86) lava

87) leeward

88) legend

89) lithosphere

90) longitude

91) lowland

92) magma

93) mainland

94) mantle

95) map

96) map projection

97) marsh

98) Mediterranean climate

99) mesa

100) mountain

101) mountain range

102) nation

103) Northern Hemisphere

104) oasis

105) ocean floor

106) peninsula

107) physical geography

108) piedmont

109) plate tectonics

110) plateau

111) polar region

112) pond

113) prairie

114) prevailing wind

115) province

116) rain shadow

117) reef

118) rift valley

119) river

120) riverine

121) rural

122) scale

123) sea

124) sea level

125) taiga

126) terrain

127) territory

128) Tropic of Cancer

129) Tropic of Capricorn

130) tropics

131) tundra

132) orogeny

133) upland

134) urban

135) strait

136) valley

137) volcano

138) water table

139) watershed

140) Western Hemisphere

141) windward

142) Europe

143) Eurasia

144) Africa

145) Asia

146) North America

147) South America

148) Central America

149) Australia

150) Oceania

151) Scandinavia

152) Antarctic Circle

153) Arctic Circle

154) Indochina

ASSIGNMENT #2: VIDEOS

Use the videos to answer each of the questions in your own handwriting.  Do not use a search engine to find answers (or any other form of plagiarism) or the entire assignment will not count. Be certain to write neatly otherwise points will be taken off.

This assignment is worth one non-test grade, any non-test grade raised up to 100, and any test grade raised up to 80.

1) What continent is the United States located on?

2) What benefits does the Mississippi River Basin provide to the United States?

3) What benefits do the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans provide to the United States?

4) What continent is the United Kingdom part of?

5) How do the United Kingdom's rugged coastline and it being surrounded by water benefit that country?

6) What makes it difficult for London to completely control the whole of the United Kingdom?

7) What on which continents is Russia located?

8) What weakness or problem doe the North European Plain present to Russia?

9) On which continent is Canada located?

10) When did Canada become and independent country?

11) Why does the majority of Canada's population live in its southern region?

12) Which continent is Japan part of?

13) Name Japan's four main islands.

14) What is Japan's primary geographic challenge?

15) On what continent is Belarus located?

16) What is the main historic route for invasion into Russia?

17) Define "buffer state".

18) Who is the current president of Belarus and when did he become president?

19) On which continent is China located?

20) Why is it important for China to control its "buffer zones"?

21) Define "shipping lane", and "maritime".

22) Why did Australia form alliances with the maritime powers of the United Kingdom and the United States?

23) On which continent is Venezuela located?

24) When did Venezuela become an independent country?

25) What natural resource is of greatest importance to Venezuela's economy?

26) On which continent is Turkey located?

27) Define "infrastructure".

28) Name the landform that most of Turkey sits on.

29) How has Turkey's rugged geography and mountainous terrain benefitted Turkey?

30) What disadvantage does Turkey's rugged geography and mountainous terrain create for that country?

31) On which continent is Spain located?

32) Name the natural boundary that separates Spain from France.

33) How has Spain's mountainous terrain been a hinderance to it?

34) On which continent is Ukraine located?

35) Describe the location of Ukraine's economically productive regions.

36) On which continent is Iran located?

37) What natural resource is important to Iran's economy?

38) On which continent is Saudi Arabia located?

39) What type of landform does Saudi Arabia sit on and what is its name?

40) What is the main export (and source of wealth) for Saudi Arabia?

41) Why does Saudi Arabia rely on a major foreign power?

42) On which continent is Italy located?

43) Define "Levant" and identify the countries that are currently in that location.

44) Why did Italian reunification occur late?

45) On which continent is India located?

46) What has made it possible for India to be free of foreign interference for much of its history?

47) What is the Ganges River Basin?

48) On which continent is Germany located?

49) When did Germany become unified?

50) When did Germany become divided into East and West Germany?

51) When did East and West Germany become unified as Germany?

52) On which continent is Oman located?

53) On what type of landform is Oman located? What is the name of that landform?

54) What separates Oman's capital from the rest of the country?

55) What natural resource does Oman's economy depend on?

56) Name the landform that places the Strait of Hormuz in Oman's territorial waters.

57) What naval power does Oman depend on today to protect its sovereignty?

58) On which continent is Thailand located?

59) What is the name of Thailand's major food producing region?

60) On which continent is Vietnam located?

61) What are the two main rivers of Vietnam's population cores?

62) Name the two main cities of Vietnam's population cores.

63) On which continent is Colombia located?

64) Name the countries that border Colombia.

65) What was the name of the country/ territory that was divided to form Colombia?

66) Which continent is Indonesia part of?

67) Name the two oceans that border the Indonesian island chain/ archipelago.

68) Name Indonesia's main island.

69) Name Indonesia's agricultural heartland.

70) What physical feature is the core of Indonesia. This physical feature allows access to the major Indonesia's major islands.

71) On which continent is Nepal located?

72) Name the rivers that irrigate Nepal's agricultural region.

73) Name the region of China that borders Nepal.

74) What are Nepal's major tourist attractions?

75) On which continent is Azerbaijan located?

76) Name the three large powers (countries) that border Azerbaijan.

77) What country is the historic rival of Azerbaijan?

78) From where does Azerbaijan get its energy resources?

79) On which continent is Mexico located?

80) Name the countries/ foreign powers that used the port city of Veracruz as a means of conquering Mexico.

81) What are to two main mountain ranges of Mexico?

ASSIGNMENT #3: POWER POINTS

Use the power points to answer the questions in your own handwriting. Write neatly otherwise points will be taken off. Any form of plagiarism used to complete this assignment disqualifies the entire assignment.

This Assignment is worth two test grades raised up to 85.

Common Landforms

1) Give a simple definition of "landform".

2) How are canyons formed?

3) What are the ways in which hills can be formed?

4) How are mountains formed?

5) How do volcanoes differ from mountains and hills, and how are they formed?

1) What are five factors that affect climate?

2) How does altitude affect climate?

3) Why is the yearly average temperature at the North and South poles colder than the yearly average temperature in the region surrounding the Equator?

4) What factor of geography creates a rain shadow?

Tectonic Plates Power Point

7) Name the three types of tectonic plate boundaries and how each one moves.

8) Using the tectonic plate map contained in the power point, identify the tectonic plates that formed the Andes Mountains and describe the type of boundary those plates share.

9) Using the tectonic plate map contained in the power point, identify the tectonic plates that are creating the rift/ split in Iceland and the type of boundary those plates share.

10) Using the tectonic plate map contained in the power point, identify the tectonic plates that formed the Himalayas and describe the type of boundaries those plates share.

11) What type of tectonic plate boundary is the cause of most earthquakes in California?

How to Read a Map Power Point

12) In which direction to lines of latitude go?

13) In which direction do lines of longitude go?

14) What is the name given to the line that is zero degrees latitude?

15) What is the name given to the line that is zero degrees longitude?

16) What divides Earth into northern and southern hemispheres?

17) What divides Earth into eastern and western hemispheres?

18) List the cardinal directions.

19) List the intermediate directions.

ASSIGNMENT #4: MAPS

Use the maps to answer the questions (which will be soon posted).  Complete in your own handwriting.  Write neatly otherwise points will be taken.

This assignment is worth one test grade and any test grade raised up to 85.

Koppen World Map

1) Why are continental climates present in latitudes higher than those of temperate climates?

2) Name four states and three provinces where a continental climate is found.

3) What is the dominant (major) climate found on the Scandinavian Peninsula?

4) Write the full climate description for the Sahara Desert.

5) Name three countries where there is a climate description that is a tropical climate type and a rainforest precipitation level.

Political Map of the World

6) Name the landform on which Yemen is found.

7) Name three countries that border the Arabian Sea.

8) Name the country that surrounds the Java Sea.

9) Name the body of water that separates North Africa from Southern Europe.

10) Find Central America and name all the countries contained therein.

North America Political Map

11) What is the name of the provincial capital of Saskatchewan?

12) What is the state capital of Kansas?

13) What is the national capital of Mexico?

14) What is the capital of Greenland?

South America Political Map

15) List the capital of Brazil.

16) Find the Strait of Magellan. In what country is it located and what bodies of water are connected by it?

17) Click on Ecuador.  Name three states in Ecuador.

18) Name a country in South America that borders the Caribbean Sea.

Central America Political Map

19) Name all the Central American countries and their capitals.  List them in the following manner: Capital City, Country.

20) Name the bodies of water that border Central America.

Political Map of Europe

21) Click on each of the Baltic States (Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia).  Use each of the resulting map enlargements and list the bodies of water that border these three countries.

22) Look up the Vatican city (on the internet).  Give a brief description of it.

23) List all the countries that border the Black Sea.

Political Map of Africa

24) Name the capital of Madagascar.

25) Click on Uganda and Tanzania.  List all the lakes that you see on those enlarged maps.

Political Map of Asia

26) Aside from the Pacific Ocean, list all the bodies of water that border Asia's eastern coast.

27) Name the four main islands of Indonesia.

28) You will need to click on Italy, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, and Iran to answer the following question: A that leaves Italy en route to Kuwait City takes the Suez Canal get there. List all the bodies of water that boat will encounter in the order they are encountered.

Europe/ Russia/ Former Soviet Republic Maps

 Map of Europe

Physical Map of Europe

Map of Soviet Union

Map of Asia

What you need to know:

1) The countries of Europe that border Russia.

2) The countries of Asia that border Russia.

3) The natural boundaries used to separate Europe from Asia.

4) Countries of Europe that border the Mediterranean Sea.

5) Countries that border the Black Sea.

Southwest Asia Political Geography

 Use the map at the link titled "Southwest Asia" to answer the questions.  Complete this on a sheet of your own paper and submit at the end of class.  Be sure to write your name on this assignment.

1)  List all countries that border Saudi Arabia.

2) List all countries that border Iran.

3) List all countries that border Israel.

4) List all the countries that border the Persian Gulf.

5) Name all the countries that border the Red Sea.

     5a) Of those countries that border the Red Sea, which are located in Africa?

6) Name all the countries that border the Arabian Sea.

7) Identify the waterway separating Yemen from Djibouti.

8) Identify the waterway separating Iran from Oman.

9) Identify the capitals of the following: Turkey; Saudi Arabia; Iran; Israel; Jordan; Iraq; Syria; Yemen; Kuwait; Afghanistan; Lebanon; Qatar; Oman; United Arab Emirates;

Southwest Asia

Maps of the Americas

 

Map of North America (United States, Canada, Greenland, Mexico) (Mexico is part of Latin America but the United States and Canada are part of Anglo America)

When you click on any part of the map, you access a link of the enlarged area. For the test on Friday you will need to know states (the U.S.) and provinces (Canada).

Map of Central America (part of Latin America)

Map of the Caribbean Islands (part of Latin America)

You will need to know the islands of the Greater Antilles

Map of South America (part of Latin America)

Physical Map of South America

Things you need to know:

1) Where the countries of Latin America are located in relation to one another.

     - Examples: where Costa Rica is in relation to Mexico; where Brazil is in relation to Uruguay

2) The countries in which major physical features are located:

        - Andes Mountains, Mount Aconcagua, Patagonia, Sierra Madre Oriental, Sierra Madre Occidental, Amazon River Basin, Amazon River, Orinoco River, Tierra Del Fuego, Llanos, Pampas

3) Know the islands of the Greater Antilles (by knowing this you will be able to identify if an island is not in that region).

4) Know all the countries of Central America.

Three Climate Zones of the Earth

Please remember the following: Tropic of Cancer - 23.5N; Tropic of Capricorn - 23.5S; Arctic Circle - 66.5N; Antarctic Circle - 66.5S; Equator - 0 (latitude)

Use the above maps to memorize the locations of major bodies of water which include Hudson Bay, Caribbean Sea, Labrador Sea, Bering Sea, and Baffin Bay

The difference between Anglo-America and Latin America: Anglo-America most often refers to a region in the Americas in which English is the main language and British culture and the British Empire have had significant historical, ethnic, linguistic, and cultural impact. Anglo-America is distinct from Latin America, a region of the Americas where Romance languages (e.g., Spanish, Portuguese and French) are prevalent.

Koppen Classification Letters
 
First letter: climate type
 
A - Tropical: Hot temperatures all year. This type of climate has every month of the year with an average temperature of (64.4 °F) or higher, with significant precipitation.
 
B - Dry: This type of climate has little precipitation.
 
C - Temperate: temperate climates are those without extremes of temperature and precipitation (rain and snow). There are four distinct seasons. This type of climate has the coldest month averaging between 0 °C (32 °F) and 18 °C (64.4 °F) and at least one month averaging above 10 °C (50 °F).
 
D - Continental: similar to temperate climates (four distinct seasons); located in latitudes higher than temperate climates. Summers are shorter and milder than those of temperate climates. Winters are longer and colder than those of temperate climates.
 
E – Polar: temperature does not rise above 50 °F; controlled by the polar and arctic air masses of high latitudes (60° N and S and higher).

Factors That Influence Climate

Read the text on the factors that influence climate and answer the questions below. Be certain to answer all questions in complete sentences. Follow all the rules of the English language.

Four major factors influence the climate of a region: wind and ocean currents, latitude, elevation, and topography.

Wind and Ocean Currents

Wind and ocean currents help distribute the sun’s heat from one part of the world to another through convection, the transfer of heat in the atmosphere by upward motion of the air.   As sunlight heats the atmosphere, the air expands, creating a zone of low air pressure.  Cooler dense air in a nearby high pressure zone rushes into the low-pressure area, causing wind.

Global wind patterns are caused by the same kind of circulation on a larger scale.  The hot air flows toward the poles, and the cold air moves toward the equator.  The winds would blow in straight lines, but since the earth rotates they are turned at an angle.  In the Northern Hemisphere, they turn to the right.  In the Southern Hemisphere, they turn to the left.  This bending of the wind is called the Coriolis effect.

Ocean currents are like rivers flowing in the ocean.  Moving is large circular systems, warm waters flow away from the equator toward the poles, and cold water flows back toward the equator.  Wind blowing over the ocean currents affect the climate of the lands that these winds cross.  For example, the warmth of the Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Drift help to keep the temperature of Europe moderate.  Even though much of Europe is as far north as Canada, it enjoys a much milder climate than Canada.

Ocean currents affect not only the temperature of an area, but also the amount of precipitation received.  Cold ocean currents flowing along a coastal region chill the air and sometimes prevent warm air and the moisture it holds from falling to earth.  The Atacama Desert in South America and the Namib Desert in Africa, for example, were formed partly because of cold ocean currents nearby.

Latitude

Geographers divide Earth into three general zones of latitude: low or tropical, middle or temperate, and high or polar.  Tropical zones are found on either side of the equator.  They extend to the tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere.  Lands in tropical zones are hot all year long.  In some areas, a shift in wind patterns causes variations in the seasons.  For example, Tanzania experiences both a rainy season and a dry season as Indian Ocean winds blow in or away from the land.

The high latitude polar zones, which encircle the North Pole and South Pole, are cold all year.  Summer temperatures in the polar regions may reach only as high as 50 degrees Fahrenheit. 

The Earth’s two temperate zones like at the middle latitudes, between the tropics and the polar regions.  Within the temperate zones, climates can vary greatly, ranging from relatively hot to relatively cold.  These variations occur because solar heating is greater in the summer than in the winter.  So summers are much warmer.

Elevation

Another factor in determining the climate of a region is elevation, or distance above sea level.  You would think that the closer you get to the sun, the hotter it would become.  But as altitude increases, the air temperature  drops (about 3.5 degrees Fahrenheit for every 1,000 feet).  Therefore, the climate gets colder as you climb a mountain or other elevated location.  Climates above 12,000 feet become like those Arctic regions – with snow and ice.  For example, Mount Kilimanjaro in East Africa is capped by snow all year long.

Landforms/ Topography

Landforms also affect climate.  This is especially true of mountain areas.  Remember that moisture-laden winds cool as they move up the side of a mountain, eventually releasing rain or snow.  By the time the winds reach the other side of the mountain, they are dry and become warmer as they flow down the mountain.

1) How do wind and ocean currents affect temperature?

2) What is the cause of the Coriolis effect?

3) In addition to affecting temperature, what other feature of climate is affected by ocean currents?

4) List the three main climate zones on Earth and their MAIN characteristic in the following way:

 

Name of climate zone: main characteristic

5) How is it possible for a mountainous region in the tropical climate zone to have temperatures similar to a high or polar zone?

6) Use your electronic device or laptop to define the term "rain shadow".

7) Of the four factors (categories) that affect climate, which category does a "rain shadow" fall into?

North America Political Map Link and Exam Review

North America Political Map

1) Know all the Canadian provinces and where they are located in relation to one another (e.g. Ontario is east of Manitoba).

2) Know where the states of the United States are located in relation to each other and in relation to the Canadian provinces.

North America Physical Map

3) Know where major physical features are located in relation to Canada, Greenland, Canada's provinces, and the United States.

     - Rocky Mountains, Alaska Range, Great Plains, Great Lakes (know each lake), Hudson Bay, Gulf of Mexico, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, Appalachian Mountains

Factors that Influence Climate

4) Know the climate zones, how ocean currents and wind affects climate, the definition of climate, how latitude affects climate, how elevation affects climate.

Grid Maps, Longitude and Latitude

1) What is a grid?

     grid - a network of lines that cross each other to form a series of squares or rectangles.

2) What are the names given to the lines that form the imaginary grid used to identify exact and approximate locations on earth?

3) What is another term used for lines of latitude?

4) In which direction do lines of latitude go?

5) What are the number of degrees for the Equator?

     5a) What subdivisions of Earth are created by the Equator?

6) What are the number of degrees for the Tropic of Cancer?

     6a) Why is the Tropic of Cancer (23.5N) labeled with the letter N?

7) What are the number of degrees for the Tropic of Capricorn?

     7a) Why is the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5S) labeled with the letter S?

8) What is the name of the climate region that lies in between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn?

9) What are the number of degrees for the Arctic Circle?

     9a) Why is the Arctic Circle (66.5N) labeled with the letter N?

10) What are the number of degrees for the Antarctic Circle?

     10a) Why is the Antarctic Circle (66.5S) labeled with the letter S?

11) Describe the type of climate that lies in between the Tropics and the Antarctic/ Arctic circles.

12) What is the term given to the type of climate that lies north of the Arctic Circle and south of the Antarctic Circle?

     - A polar climate consisting of cool summers and very cold winters, which results in treeless tundra, glaciers, or a permanent or semi-permanent layer of ice.

13) What is another name for lines of longitude?

14) How is the spacing between lines of longitude different from lines of latitude?

     14a) Where do lines of longitude meet?

15) What subdivisions of Earth are created by the Prime Meridian (0⁰ Longitude)?