Meaning of Koppen Classification Letters
The first letter is the climate type
A - Tropical: Hot temperatures all year. This type of climate has every month of the year with an average temperature of (64.4 °F) or higher, with significant precipitation.
B - Dry: This type of climate has little precipitation.
C - Temperate: Temperate climates are those without extremes of temperature and precipitation (rain and snow). There are four distinct seasons. This type of climate has the coldest month averaging between 0 °C (32 °F) and 18 °C (64.4 °F) and at least one month averaging above 10 °C (50 °F).
D - Continental: Similar to temperate climates (four distinct seasons); located in latitudes higher than temperate climates. Summers are shorter and milder than those of temperate climates. Winters are longer and colder than those of temperate climates.
E – Polar: warmest temperature of any month being below 10 °C (50 °F). Polar climates are further divided into two types, tundra climates and icecap climates.
Second letter refers to amount of precipitation
W - desert: very dry, little precipitation
S - steppe: semi-arid, light rainfall
f - rainforest: high precipitation
s – savanna, dry summer
w – savanna, dry winter
m - monsoon
Third letter refers to temperature
h - hot
k - cold
a - hot summers
b- warm summers
c - cold summers
d – very cold winter
Answer the following questions in your own handwriting and submit on Monday:
1) Using the Koppen climate map and the political map, identify five European countries located in Europe that have a continental climate type (D-Type of climate).
2) Using the physical map and the climate map, explain why an polar climate type (E-type) is present in Northern Italy and Bulgaria even though both contries are far from the polar regions of Earth.
3) What is the climate type present in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The climate type is the first letter in the Koppen letter sets.
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